Cognised existence: A building is a roofed, permanent physical structure that shelters human activity. It has use, age, size, and geometric footprint, and these properties may come from different sources.

Question: What buildings exist at a location and what are their characteristics?

OSM wiki: https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Key:building


Realisations

Instead of hardcoding implementation schemas here, SPHERE separates semantic meaning from dataset implementation. See the following realisations for how to access this data:

  • [[Realisations/OpenStreetMap_buildings|OpenStreetMap — building=*]]

Geometry Representations

Rep IDSource DatasetGeometry TypeNative CRSSuitable ForNot Suitable For
buildings_osm_footprintOpenStreetMapPolygonEPSG:4326Footprint mapping, area calculation, building count, urban morphologyRegister-quality attributes (year, use code, heating) are sparse in OSM
buildings_osm_centroidOpenStreetMap (derived)PointEPSG:4326Density mapping, point-in-polygon, proximity countsArea statistics, shadow and solar analysis

Note: OSM building footprints are the best globally available open polygon source. Attribute quality varies strongly by region and editing community.


Limitations

  • Attribute completeness varies widely by country and urban density.
  • Year of construction (start_date) is sparse globally.
  • Building type tags are inconsistent across regions.