Water-borne threats and events — where harm from water can or did occur. This covers natural hazards (floods, storm surge) and pollution hazards (spills and incidents that put water bodies at risk).
Key Distinction: Hazard vs Contaminant vs Risk
- Contaminants is the state: pollutant concentrations measured in the water (PFAS, pesticides, nitrate, heavy metals).
- Hazards is the threat or event: flood extents, inundation scenarios, spill locations, and pollution incidents.
- Risk is the hazard combined with human exposure and vulnerability. It belongs to the Anthroposphere, and hazard leaves usually also belong there.
Scope
- Flooding: Pluvial, fluvial, and coastal flood extents, return-period scenarios, and inundation depth
- Storm surge and sea level: Extreme water level statistics and sea level rise scenarios
- Groundwater flooding: Rising groundwater tables affecting the surface and buildings
- Pollution incidents: Spills, discharges, and accidents that put water bodies at risk
- Hazard zoning: Areas designated by the hazard itself (e.g., EU Floods Directive risk areas)
Leaves
| Leaf | Question | Lens | Connection |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flood Hazard and Inundation | Which areas are exposed to flooding or inundation here, and under what scenario or return period? | primary | |
| Spill and Pollution Incidents | Which spill, contamination, or hazardous discharge signals are reported for this area? | primary |
Classical Theme Mappings
| Standard | Theme | Link |
|---|---|---|
| INSPIRE | Natural Risk Zones | Natural Risk Zones |
| INSPIRE | Hydrography | Hydrography |